Q 9:40 in the tafsīr of Shaykh Ibrāhīm Niasse

۞اِلَّا فَقَدْ إِذَ اُ۬لذِينَ إِذْ هُمَا فِے إِذْ لَا اِنَّ مَعَنَاۖ عَلَيْهِۖ لَّمْ اَ۬لذِينَ هِيَ

If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise — Pickthall

Shaykh Ibrāhīm Niasse (d. 1975) read the whole Qurʾān aloud at Medina Baye over fifty-six sessions between ẓuhr and ʿaṣr in Ramaḍān 1383/1964, and his students wrote those sessions down as Fī Riyāḍ al-Tafsīr. He comes back to the same āya elsewhere — in the fatwās, the Ḥikam, the poetry — decades apart. About the tafsīr →

In the printed edition: Sūrat Al-Tawba begins at vol. 4, p. 74 (Tūnis 2022, 10 vols.)

The āya above is Warsh ʿan Nāfiʿ, the rasm of the printed edition. The root behind each underlined word comes from a Ḥafṣ ʿan ʿĀṣim corpus, realigned to this Warsh text word by word; 125 of the 6,236 āyāt differ in word count between the two riwāyāt, and those were aligned rather than assumed. A word carries no underline where the corpus supplies no root. Lexicon entries are a reading aid and carry no page reference; the edition does not cite them. Page references elsewhere on this site follow the ten-volume Tunis 2022 printing this site was transcribed from; published scholarship on this text cites the six-volume Tunis 2010 printing, whose pagination is different.

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Exegesis of the verse

Sustained interpretation of the verse as a verse — lemma, gloss, expansion.

Fī riyāḍ al-tafsīr li-l-Qurʾān al-karīm

في رياض التفسير للقرآن الكريمtafsīr

1383 / 1964 · Arabic · Lesson 22, ¶22 · numbered by Ḥafṣ · lesson opens at vol. 4, p. 86 · the annual Ramaḍān cycle

كَبَرُوا من مكة ألجأوه إلى الخروج لما أرادوا قتله أو حبسه أو نفيه بدار الندوة (تَانِيَ إقْتَيْنِ) أحد اثنين والآخر أبو بكر (إِذْ هُمَا فِے اِ۬لْغ۪ارِ) نقب في جبل الثور (إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبهِ) أبي بكر وقد قال له لما رأى أقدام المشركين: لو نظر أحدهم تحت قدميه لأبصرنا [1] (لا تَحْزَبِ إِنَّ أللَّهَ مَعَتَام بنصره ( بَأَنزَلَ أللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ طمأنينته عَلَيْهِ) على النبي صلى اللّٰه عليه وسلم أو على أبي بكر وهو الأنسب لأن النبي صلى اللّٰه عليه وسلم ما خاف إنما خاف أبو بكر فأنزل اللّٰه سكينته على أبي بكر (وَأَيَّدَهُ ) أيد النبي (بِجُنُودِ لَمْ تَرَوْهَا في الغار. قصة الهجرة كان الرسول صلى اللّٰه عليه وسلم بمكة وشدد المشركون الإذاية على النبي صلى اللّٰه عليه وسلم وعلى كل من معه من أصحابه، فبعضهم هاجر إلى الحبشة، وبعضهم ذهب إلى المدينة، فحبس أبو بكر نفسه لم يفارق رسول اللّٰه صلى اللّٰه عليه وسلم حتى أمِر بالهجرة فهاجر معه، فالآية تدل على أفضلية أبي بكر على جميع الصحابة أو على جميع الناس …

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Fī riyāḍ al-tafsīr li-l-Qurʾān al-karīm

في رياض التفسير للقرآن الكريمtafsīrunbracketed quotation

1383 / 1964 · Arabic · Lesson 22, ¶30 · numbered by Ḥafṣ · lesson opens at vol. 4, p. 86 · the annual Ramaḍān cycle

في الدين (بَهُمْ مِي رَيْبِهِمْ يَتَرَدَّدُون يتحيرون (وَلَوَ آرَادُواْ الْخُرُوجَ) معك (لَاعَدُّوا لَهْرِ عُدَّةَ أهبة من الآلة والزاد (وَلَٰكِن كَرِهَ اَ۬للَّهُ اُ۪نۢبِعَاثَهُمْ) لم يرد خروجهم بَتَبَطَهُمْ )

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The printing brackets no quotation here. A run of consecutive words in this paragraph — three at the shortest — occurs in one place in the muṣḥaf and nowhere else, and every āya lying inside that run is credited, so a run crossing a boundary attests both. Matching folds together the letter shapes the scan confuses, so the words need not stand in the āya exactly as printed.

Entries are grouped by what Shaykh Ibrāhīm is doing with the verse, then ordered oldest first inside each group, so the same words can be seen carrying different work across a career. Every entry names the witness it comes from. Passages that are known but not yet available are listed rather than hidden. Beyond Fī Riyāḍ al-Tafsīr, 156 āyāt have so far been indexed from his other writings — the Ḥikam, the fatwās, Kāshif al-Ilbās, theQanābīl, the Tafsīr Maʿānī cassettes. A verse with nothing under this heading has not been searched in them and found wanting; it has not been searched.

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